A High-Resolution (500m) Daily Near-Surface Air Temperature Dataset for the Yangtze River Delta Region in 2016

This dataset provides high-spatial-resolution (500m) daily near-surface 2m air temperature data for the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region from January 1, 2016, to December 31, 2016. The dataset was generated using the Physics-Consistent Causally-Informed Spatial Feature Transform Network (PCI-SFTNet). By integrating multi-source remote sensing products , reanalysis data, In-situ measurements and incorporating physical constraints derived from the PCMCI causal discovery algorithm, this model effectively addresses the challenges of air temperature downscaling over complex underlying surfaces, achieving significant improvements in both spatial reconstruction fidelity and physical consistency. This work was supported by National Key Research and Development Project of China (2023YFF0807000), Natural Science Foundation of China (42461144214; 42471349), Shenzhen Science and Technology Program (JCYJ20240813114013017), Guangdong Basic and Applied Research Foundation (2024A1515030078), Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province (2025AFD428).