Baseline positive and persistent positive biomarkers predicting incident anal histologic HSIL at subsequent visits among those who were free of disease at baseline.

HSIL, high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion; HPV, human papillomavirus; CI, confidence interval.HSIL included anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN) 2 or AIN 3 on histology.aHigh-risk HPV DNA included HPV types 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59, and 68.bE6/E7 mRNA positivity was defined as greater than or equal to 2% of cells which had E6/E7 mRNA over-expression in the sample.cp16 immunocytochemistry was considered positive if there was a presence of cells with cytoplasmic and/or nuclear staining.dMultivariate model adjusted for HIV status and low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion at baseline.