The population genomics of multiple tsetse fly (Glossina fuscipes fuscipes) admixture zones in Uganda

Understanding the mechanisms that enforce, maintain, or reverse the process of speciation is an important challenge in evolutionary biology. This study investigates the patterns of divergence and discusses the processes that form and maintain divergent lineages of the tsetse fly Glossina fuscipes fuscipes in Uganda. We sampled 251 flies from 18 sites spanning known genetic lineages and the four admixture zones between them. We apply population genomics, hybrid zone, and approximate Bayesian computation to the analysis of three types of genetic markers: 55,267 double digest restriction-site associated DNA (ddRAD) SNPs to assess genome wide admixture, 16 microsatellites to provide continuity with published data and accurate biogeographic modeling, and a 491 bp fragment of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I and II to infer maternal inheritance patterns. Admixture zones correspond with regions impacted by the reorganization of Uganda’s river networks that occurred during the formation of th...