Toll-like receptor signaling

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a critical part of the innate immune response, and are expressed on macrophages and dendritic cells. TLRs are pattern-recognition receptors, and recognize molecules derived from microbes. Once activated, TLRs result in activation of innate immunity by inducing production of proinflammatory cytokines and upregulation of costimulatory molecules TLR signaling pathways are separated into two groups: a MyD88-dependent pathway that leads to the production of proinflammatory cytokines with quick activation of NFkB and MAPK; and a MyD88-independent pathway associated with the induction of IFN-beta and IFN-inducible genes, and maturation of dendritic cells with slow activation of NFkB and MAPK. Proteins on this pathway have targeted assays available via the [https://assays.cancer.gov/available_assays?wp_id=WP75 CPTAC Assay Portal].

Toll样受体（TLRs）是先天免疫反应的关键组成部分，它们在巨噬细胞和树突状细胞上表达。TLRs为模式识别受体，能够识别来自微生物的分子。一旦被激活，TLRs通过诱导促炎细胞因子的产生和共刺激分子的上调，从而激活先天免疫。TLR信号通路可分为两组：一组为依赖MyD88的通路，该通路导致促炎细胞因子的产生，并迅速激活NFkB和MAPK；另一组为非依赖MyD88的通路，与IFN-β和IFN诱导基因的诱导以及树突状细胞的成熟相关，且伴随着NFkB和MAPK的缓慢激活。该通路上的蛋白质具有通过[https://assays.cancer.gov/available_assays?wp_id=WP75 CPTAC检测平台]进行靶向测定的方法。