Supporting data for "The chromosome-level genome assemblies of two rattans (Calamus simplicifolius and Daemonorops jenkinsiana)"

<i>Calamus simplicifolius</i> and <i>Daemonorops jenkinsiana</i> are two representative rattans, as the most significant material sources for the rattan industry. However, the lack of reference genome sequences is a major obstacle for basic and applied biology on rattan. <br>We rendered the two chromosome-level genome assemblies of <i>C. simplicifolius</i> and <i>D. jenkinsiana</i> using the Illumina, PacBio, and Hi-C sequencing data. A total of ~730 Gb and ~682 Gb of raw data covered the predicted genome length (~1.98 Gb of <i>C. simplicifolius</i> and ~1.61 Gb of <i>D. jenkinsiana</i>) to ~ 372× and ~ 426× read depth, respectively. The two de novo genome assemblies of ~1.94 Gb and ~1.58 Gb are generated with the scaffold N50 of ~160 Mb and ~119 Mb in <i>C. simplicifolius</i> and <i>D. jenkinsiana</i>, respectively. The <i>C. simplicifolius</i> and <i>D. jenkinsiana</i> genome were predicted to harbor 51,235 and 53,342 intact protein-coding gene models, respectively. BUSCO evaluation demonstrated that the genome completeness reached 96.4% and 91.3% in the <i>C. simplicifolius</i> and <i>D. jenkinsiana</i> genome, respectively. Genome evolution showed that four Arecaceae plants were located in a cluster and the divergence time between the two rattans was ~19.3 Mya. Additionally, we genome-widely identified 193 and 172 genes involved in the lignin biosynthesis pathway in <i>C. simplicifolius</i> and <i>D. jenkinsiana</i>, respectively. <br> We present the first de novo assemblies of the two rattan genomes (<i>C. simplicifolius</i> and <i>D. jenkinsiana</i>). These essential data will not only provide a fundamental resource of functional genomics particularly in promoting germplasm utilization for breeding improved rattan material property, but also will serve as two reference genomes for performing comparative studies between and among different species.