Data from effects of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria on the community productivity of submerged macrophytes and the air-water greenhouse gas fluxes

One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Tukey post hoc tests was conducted in OriginPro 2024 to compare growth indices and GHG fluxes across treatments. All graphical visualizations, including principal component analysis (PCA) of GHG fluxes and FW across different treatments, were generated using OriginPro 2024. Partial least squares path modeling (PLS-PM) was used to quantify the direct and indirect effects of plant biomass on CO2-equivalent flux (Feq) via individual GHG fluxes across treatments (C-I0–C-I4), which was completed in R 4.4.3. Biomass was specified as an exogenous variable, while N2O, CH4, CO2 fluxes, and Feq were treated as endogenous variables; all variables were standardized prior to analysis. Path coefficients were estimated using the PLS algorithm, their significance was tested by bootstrapping, and model performance was evaluated using the goodness-of-fit (GOF) index. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05. Data are presented as mean ± standard error.