Bovine rumen metagenome under glyphosate influence

The study consists of 16S rDNA genotyping of bovine rumen microbiota challenged by glyphosate in the context of different amounts of dietary fiber content and concentrate feed proportion (CFP). Samples were obtained from dairy cows under realistic housing conditions that were assigned to 4 groups receiving diets with a high CFP (60 percent, HC) or a low CFP (30 percent, LC) and with (GLY, glyphosate exposure per cow: >73 miligram/day; >112 microgram/kilogram(bodyweight)/day) or without (CON, glyphosate exposure per cow: <1 miligram/day; <1.3 microgram/kilogram(bodyweight)/day) glyphosate contaminations. Glyphosate exposure resulted from feedstuffs that were treated with glyphosate pre-harvest according to European legal regulations. The goal was to evaluate glyphosate influences on ruminal microbiome under in-vivo real-life conditions , since most findings at time of the study were based on in-vitro assays with concentrations of glyphosate adjusted to laboratory procedures.