Finnish University Graduates of Year 2009: Career and Employment Survey 2014

The survey charted the career and employment situation of people who had graduated from Finnish universities with a lower (BA/BSc or equivalent) or higher (MA/MSc or equivalent) degree in 2009. The survey was conducted five years after graduation. The first part investigated the respondents' education and work history. They were asked whether they had, after graduation, participated in job-related training, career guidance or had studied for or completed any additional professional qualification or higher education degree. Further questions covered the number of employers, number of separate employment contracts and offices, whether the respondents had been entrepreneurs, self-employed or freelancers and for how long, or whether they had been outside the labour market because of a family leave. Periods of unemployment, obstacles to getting a job (e.g. lack of experience, challenging labour market situation in the field, gender), and employment situation at the time of graduation were investigated. Those who had not been employed at the time of graduation were asked how long it had taken to get their first job. Characteristics of the first job after graduation were surveyed, including contract type, employer type, and type of work. The respondents were also asked whether the first job had required an academic degree, whether it had been commensurate with their qualification, and to what extend they had been able to utilise knowledge and skills gained during their university studies. The next section focused on the respondents' current employment situation. Questions covered the type of main employer, type of work, monthly gross wage income, whether they could utilise the knowledge and skills gained during their university studies, whether the job was commensurate with their level of education, and if not, why they had accepted the job. The respondents were presented with a number of statements relating to their job and e.g. whether their work was in line with their career goals and whether they found their work mentally stressful. The respondents with fixed-term contracts were asked why their contract was fixed-term. The survey also explored the respondents' satisfaction with their degree and studies. Questions covered satisfaction with the degree from the point of view of career, how important certain skills and know-how were in the respondents' current job and how well their studies had developed these skills. The skills mentioned included, for instance, theoretical or practical knowledge of their field, problem solving, managerial skills, negotiation skills, project management, and communication in English. It was also surveyed which of these skills the respondents deemed the most important in the future. Background variables included the respondent's gender, age at the time of graduation (categorised), the university they attended and information on the degree (field of study, number of credits required for the degree, degree level).

本调研旨在描绘2009年毕业的芬兰大学本科（BA/BSc或同等学历）及研究生（MA/MSc或同等学历）毕业生的职业生涯与就业状况。调研在毕业五年后进行。首部分内容对受访者的教育背景与工作历程进行了探究，询问他们在毕业后是否参与了职业培训、职业指导，或是否进修了额外的专业资格或高等教育学位。后续问题涉及雇主数量、独立劳动合同及办公地点的数量，以及受访者是否曾为企业家、自雇人士或自由职业者，以及持续的时间，或因家庭休假而脱离劳动市场。调研还考察了失业期间、就业障碍（例如，缺乏经验、领域内劳动力市场挑战、性别因素），以及毕业时的就业状况。对于毕业时未就业的受访者，调研了他们获得第一份工作所需的时间。对毕业后的第一份工作进行了调查，包括合同类型、雇主类型和工作类型。受访者还被问及第一份工作是否需要学术学位，是否与其资格相匹配，以及他们在多大程度上能够运用在大学期间所获得的知识和技能。下一部分聚焦于受访者的当前就业状况，包括主要雇主的类型、工作类型、月收入、是否能够运用在大学期间获得的知识和技能，工作是否与其教育水平相匹配，如果不匹配，他们为何接受这份工作。受访者还被呈现了一系列与工作相关的陈述，例如，他们的工作是否与职业目标一致，以及他们是否认为工作精神压力大。对于签订短期合同的受访者，调研了他们合同为何为短期。此外，调研还探讨了受访者对学位和学习的满意度，包括从职业角度对学位的满意度，某些技能和知识在受访者当前工作中的重要性，以及他们的学习如何发展了这些技能。所提及的技能包括但不限于其领域的理论或实践知识、问题解决能力、管理技能、谈判技能、项目管理以及英语沟通能力。同时，调研了受访者认为哪些技能在未来最为重要。背景变量包括受访者的性别、毕业时的年龄（分类）、就读的大学以及学位信息（研究领域、获得学位所需的学分、学位水平）。