Physicochemical characteristics of the top 20 cm of soil samples (LTI = long-term impact; REG = regenerating soil; STI = short-term impact; CON = control) and cattle manure (CMN) samples.

Data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation of five independent replicates. Different letters (a, b, c, d, e) following the standard deviation indicate significant differences between sites (nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA, post hoc Mann-Whitney U test). *NS = not significant (P >0.05). Physicochemical characteristics of the top 20 cm of soil samples (LTI = long-term impact; REG = regenerating soil; STI = short-term impact; CON = control) and cattle manure (CMN) samples.