Susquehanna Shale Hills CZO - Well Gamma, Wirelog, Geophysics, and Solute Tracer Tests

A natural gamma ray logs are indicating the concentration of thorium (Th), uranium (U), and potassium (K) in the rocks surrounding a borehole and they are measurement of the natural radioactivity of the formation. The energy of the gamma-rays (photons) differs for Th, U, and K. Potassium emits only gamma photons of energy 1.46 MeV. Thorium emits gamma photons of a number of different energies, the highest of which is 2.62 MeV. Uranium similarly emits gamma photons of a number of different energies with 1.76 MeV as the highest energy that can be detected in a borehole. Here the values indicate total gamma ray energy and are function of well depth. Fluid electrical conductivity measurements using NaBr as the tracer were normalized by the maximum concentration for the laboratory. Schlumberger wirelogs and optical televiewer were used for wirelog data. Software packages such as WellCad is required to view these optical data.