Table_2_Transcriptome Profiling of the Ovarian Cells at the Single-Cell Resolution in Adult Asian Seabass.XLS

Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) is widely adopted for identifying the signature molecular markers or regulators in cells, as this would benefit defining or isolating various types of cells. Likewise, the signature transcriptome profile analysis at the single cell level would well illustrate the key regulators or networks involved in gametogenesis and gonad development in animals; however, there is limited scRNA-seq analysis on gonadal cells in lower vertebrates, especially in the sexual reversal fish species. In this study, we analyzed the molecular signature of several distinct cell populations of Asian seabass adult ovaries through scRNA-seq. We identified five cell types and also successfully validated some specific genes of germ cells and granulosa cells. Likewise, we found some key pathways involved in ovarian development that may concert germline-somatic interactions. Moreover, we compared the transcriptomic profiles across fruit fly, mammals, and fish, and thus uncovered the conservation and divergence in molecular mechanisms that might drive ovarian development. Our results provide a basis for studying the crucial features of germ cells and somatic cells, which will benefit the understandings of the molecular mechanisms behind gametogenesis and gonad development in fish.

单细胞RNA测序（scRNA-seq）在识别细胞中的特征性分子标志物或调节因子方面得到了广泛应用，这对于定义或分离各种类型的细胞具有显著益处。同样，在单细胞水平上进行的特征性转录组分析，能够清晰地展现动物生殖细胞发生和性腺发育中的关键调节因子或网络；然而，在低等脊椎动物性逆转鱼类中的性腺细胞上的scRNA-seq分析却相对有限。在本研究中，我们通过scRNA-seq分析了亚洲海鲈成鱼卵巢中几个不同细胞群体的分子特征。我们鉴定出五种细胞类型，并成功验证了一些生殖细胞和颗粒细胞的特定基因。同样，我们发现了参与卵巢发育的关键通路，这些通路可能调节生殖细胞与体细胞的相互作用。此外，我们比较了果蝇、哺乳动物和鱼类的转录组特征，揭示了驱动卵巢发育的分子机制在保守与分歧方面的特点。我们的研究结果表明，对于研究生殖细胞和体细胞的至关重要特征具有重要意义，这将有助于理解鱼类生殖细胞发生和性腺发育背后的分子机制。