Higher intelligence is genetically linked with longevity

We report the application of mRNA sequencing technology for identifying that the genetic linkage of higher intelligence with longevity in Drosophilla melanogaster. a transcriptome analysis was performed by sequencing the total mRNA. The differentially expressed gene analysis by a negative binomial test showed that a subset of genes displayed remarkably altered expression where 56, 152, and 26 genes were significantly upregulated (adjusted P value <0.01), and 30, 397, and 10 genes were downregulated (adjusted P value < 0.01) in INT compared to F0, NINT compared to F0, and INT compared to NINT each. The functions of the differentially expressed genes were analyzed at high levels by using Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment program. Compared to F0, the pathways of ribosome and autophagy were up-regulated in INT while the pathways related to metabolisms were down-regulated. Meanwhile, the pathways associated with genome stability and immune reaction was upregulated and the pathway of oxidative phosphorylation responsible for ATP generation was down regulated in NINT. The KEGG comparison of INT with NINT, which eliminates genes associated with the environmental factors during the selection process, visualized more precise pathways associated with higher intelligence and longevity. The pathways related to genome stability (Fanconi anemia pathway, Mismatch repair, DNA replication, Homologous recombination, and Nucleotide excision repair) and immune reaction (Toll and lmd signaling pathway) were up-regulated in NINT, and these pathways were down-regulated in INT. Total mRNA from 5-days-old INT and NINT D. melanogaster at the F12 generation and F0 flies