MB Knee: Multibody Models of the Human Knee

The purpose of this site is to disseminate geometry and modeling information for development of knee models, primarily in the multibody framework. MBKnee_4 is based on in vivo measurements from a 29 year old female while MBKnee_1, MBKnee_2, and MBKnee_3 are based on cadaver knees that were physically tested in a dynamic knee simulator. Knee geometries (bone, cartilage, and mensici) were derived from Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and ligament insertions come from MRI, the literature, and probing the cadaver knees. The site also contains information on ligament modeling, such as bundle insertion locations and zero load lengths. Examples of knee models are also provided in the form of ADAMS command files. MBKnee_4 is the most recent model and it includes representation of the medial and lateral menisci, wrapping around bone and cartilage of the meniscal horn attachments, attachments of the deep medial collateral ligament and the anterolateral ligament to the menisci, representation of the posterior oblique ligament and the anterolateral ligament, ligament zero load lengths (or reference strain) determined from experimental laxity measurements, and measured motion to deep flexion. Funding for this work was provided by the National Institute of Arthritis an Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (RAR061698) and by the National Science Foundation (CMS-0506297). <br/><br/>This project includes the following software/data packages: <br/> <ul> <li> <a href="https://simtk.org/frs?group_id=765#pack_1979">MBKnee_4 </a> : MBKnee_4 was created using in vivo data from a 29 year old female (mass = 70 kg, height = 170 cm). This package contains geometries, ligament insertion/origin and zero-load length information, a simulation video, instructions, and an ADAMS cmd file. </li> <li> <a href="https://simtk.org/frs?group_id=765#pack_1248">MBKnee_1 </a> : This package contains data for the first knee (MBKnee_1). Male right knee, Age: 77, Height 70 in, Weight 220 lbs. Included are knee geometries (Femur bone with cartilage, Patella bone with cartilage, and Tibia bone with cartilage), subject specific insertion locations and zero load lengths for ligaments crossing the knee (2 bundles for the cruciate ligaments and 3 bundles for the collateral ligaments), and two mulitbody models of this knee in ADAMS (MSC Software Corporation, Santa Ana, CA). </li> <li> <a href="https://simtk.org/frs?group_id=765#pack_1249">MBKnee_2 </a> : This package contains data for the second knee (MBKnee_2). Female left knee, Age: 55, Height 67 in, Weight 160 lbs. Included are knee geometries (Femur bone with cartilage, Patella bone with cartilage, Tibia bone, Tibia medial cartilage, and Tibia lateral cartilage), subject specific insertion locations and zero load lengths for ligaments crossing the knee (2 bundles for the cruciate ligaments and 3 bundles for the collateral ligaments), and two mulitbody models of this knee in MD.ADAMS (MSC Software Corporation, Santa Ana, CA). This model represents the tibia cartilage as multiple (224) rigid bodies. </li> <li> <a href="https://simtk.org/frs?group_id=765#pack_1250">MBKnee_3 </a> : This package will contain data for the third knee (MBKnee_3). Female right knee, Age: 78, Height 65 in, Weight 130 lbs. The third model includes representation of the menisci in the multibody framework. The package includes meniscus geometries as well as horn attachments. </li> </ul>

本网站旨在传播关于膝关节模型开发所需的几何与建模信息，尤其是基于多体框架的研究。MBKnee_4模型基于29岁女性的体内测量数据，而MBKnee_1、MBKnee_2和MBKnee_3则基于经动态膝关节模拟器物理测试的尸膝关节。膝关节的几何形状（包括骨骼、软骨和半月板）源自磁共振成像（MRI），而韧带附着点信息则来源于MRI、文献资料以及尸膝关节的探测。该网站还包含有关韧带建模的信息，例如束状附着位置和零载荷长度。以ADAMS命令文件形式提供了膝关节模型的示例。MBKnee_4是最新的模型，其中包含了内侧和外侧半月板的表示，覆盖了半月板尖端的骨骼和软骨附着点，深层内侧副韧带和前外侧韧带到半月板的附着点，后斜韧带和前外侧韧带的表示，以及从实验松弛度测量中确定的韧带零载荷长度（或参考应变）和深层屈曲的运动测量。本项研究经费由美国关节炎、肌肉骨骼和皮肤疾病国家研究所（RAR061698）和美国国家科学基金会（CMS-0506297）提供。该项目包括以下软件/数据包：

<ul> <li> <a href="https://simtk.org/frs?group_id=765#pack_1979">MBKnee_4 </a> : MBKnee_4是基于29岁女性（体重70公斤，身高170厘米）的体内数据进行创建。本包包含几何形状、韧带附着/起源和零载荷长度信息、模拟视频、说明和ADAMS cmd文件。
</li> <li> <a href="https://simtk.org/frs?group_id=765#pack_1248">MBKnee_1 </a> : 本包包含第一膝关节（MBKnee_1）的数据。男性右侧膝关节，年龄：77岁，身高70英寸，体重220磅。包括膝关节几何形状（股骨与软骨、髌骨与软骨、胫骨与软骨）、穿越膝关节的韧带的特定受试者附着位置和零载荷长度（交叉韧带有两束，副韧带有三束），以及该膝关节在ADAMS中的两个多体模型（MSC软件公司，加州圣安娜）。
</li> <li> <a href="https://simtk.org/frs?group_id=765#pack_1249">MBKnee_2 </a> : 本包包含第二膝关节（MBKnee_2）的数据。女性左侧膝关节，年龄：55岁，身高67英寸，体重160磅。包括膝关节几何形状（股骨与软骨、髌骨与软骨、胫骨、胫骨内侧软骨和胫骨外侧软骨）、穿越膝关节的韧带的特定受试者附着位置和零载荷长度（交叉韧带有两束，副韧带有三束），以及该膝关节在MD.ADAMS中的两个多体模型（MSC软件公司，加州圣安娜）。本模型将胫骨软骨表示为多个（224个）刚体。
</li> <li> <a href="https://simtk.org/frs?group_id=765#pack_1250">MBKnee_3 </a> : 本包将包含第三膝关节（MBKnee_3）的数据。女性右侧膝关节，年龄：78岁，身高65英寸，体重130磅。第三个模型在多体框架中包含了半月板的表示。包中包括半月板几何形状以及尖端的附着点。
</li> </ul>