华中科技大学基于BECCS微观机理模型的碳核算数据

生物质是自然界唯一的含碳可再生能源，我国生物质资源丰富，同时生物质与燃煤耦合燃烧发电已被证明具有巨大的减排潜力，因此，生物质和煤粉掺烧的方式是煤电机组低碳转型的可行路径，也为燃煤电厂与不同种类新能源的多端耦合做出探索。对现有燃煤电厂进行生物质掺烧改造是现有电厂低碳转型的有效路径，同时BECCS技术将生物质能源与CCS技术结合，在电厂掺烧比达到一定程度时候就能达到负碳排放的效果，这些负碳汇可以弥补一些高排放部门无法避免的碳排放。然而BECCS系统复杂，不仅涉及生物质种植和收集、生物质直燃和掺烧，还涉及二氧化碳捕集利用及封存；因多学科壁垒的存在，其系统的大规模部署带来的宏观减排效应（全生命周期减排量、负碳潜力等）和环境影响（如综合能效、污染物排放等）研究往往没有一致结论，制约了其产业可持续发展和国家政策的制定。因此，从交叉学科的角度，结合生物质资源供应、生物质直燃和掺烧发电和生物质碳产物（包括灰渣、发电尾气）利用及封存方式，明确大规模部署BECCS技术减排效应、潜力和综合环境影响，从碳经济性角度对系统进行全局优化，项目层面减碳量和负碳量的准确核算、相关电厂和企业参与全国碳市场和核证自愿碳减排（CCER）市场，并为我国实现碳中和路径的同时保障生态环境可持续健康发展提供科学的依据和政策支持。

Biomass is the only carbon-containing renewable energy source in nature. China is rich in biomass resources, and co-combustion of biomass and coal for power generation has been proven to have enormous emission reduction potential. Therefore, the co-firing mode of biomass and pulverized coal is a feasible path for the low-carbon transformation of coal-fired power units, and also explores the multi-terminal coupling of coal-fired power plants with different types of new energy sources. Retrofitting existing coal-fired power plants for biomass co-firing is an effective path for the low-carbon transformation of such plants. Meanwhile, BECCS (Bioenergy with Carbon Capture and Storage) technology combines biomass energy with CCS (Carbon Capture and Storage), which can achieve negative carbon emission effects when the plant's co-firing ratio reaches a certain level. These negative carbon sinks can offset the unavoidable carbon emissions from some high-emission sectors. However, BECCS systems are complex, involving not only biomass cultivation, collection, direct combustion and co-firing, but also carbon dioxide capture, utilization and storage (CCUS). Due to the existence of interdisciplinary barriers, studies on the macro-scale emission reduction effects (such as life-cycle emission reduction volume, negative carbon potential, etc.) and environmental impacts (such as comprehensive energy efficiency, pollutant emissions, etc.) brought about by large-scale deployment of such systems often lack consistent conclusions, which restricts the sustainable development of the industry and the formulation of national policies. Therefore, from an interdisciplinary perspective, combining biomass resource supply, direct combustion and co-firing power generation, utilization and storage methods of biomass carbon products (including ash, slag and power generation exhaust gas), this study clarifies the emission reduction effects, potential and comprehensive environmental impacts of large-scale deployed BECCS technology, conducts global optimization of the system from the perspective of carbon economy, accurately accounts for the carbon reduction volume and negative carbon volume at the project level, supports relevant power plants and enterprises to participate in the national carbon market and Certified Voluntary Carbon Emission Reduction (CCER) market, and provides scientific basis and policy support for China to achieve the carbon neutrality path while ensuring the sustainable and healthy development of the ecological environment.

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集由华中科技大学发布，基于BECCS（生物质能源与碳捕集与封存）微观机理模型，专注于碳核算研究。它旨在评估生物质与燃煤耦合燃烧的减排潜力和负碳效果，通过多学科交叉方法分析系统环境效益和碳经济性，为全国碳市场及碳中和路径提供科学依据。数据集包含47个文件，总计4.6MB，源于国家重点研发计划项目，适用于能源科学和经济学领域的研究。