<b>Roux-en-Y gastric bypass improves insulin sensitivity in obese rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus by regulating the Grin3a /AMPK signal axis in </b><b>hypothalamic arcuate nucleus</b>

RYGB reduced FBG, FSI, HOMA-IR and plasma TG levels in T2DM rats while increased Grin3a expression and p-AMPK/AMPK ratio in ARC. Knockdown of Grin3a not only reversed the decreasing effects of RYGB on FBG, FSI, HOMA-IR and plasma TG levels in T2DM rats and but also reversed the up-regulation of RYGB on p-AMPK/AMPK ratio in ARC. Moreover, knocking down Grin3a could significantly increase the level of TG, promote the formation of lipid droplets and up-regulate the expressions of PPARγ, C/ebpα, FASN and FABP4 in differentiated 3T3-L1 cells. RYGB improves the insulin sensitivity, reduces the plasma TG level and lessens the fat accumulation in obese rats with T2DM by regulating the Grin3a /AMPK signal axis in hypothalamic ARC.