MOF-ChemUnity: Literature-Informed Large Language Models for Metal–Organic Framework Research

Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming research in metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), where models trained on structured computational data routinely predict new materials and optimize their properties. This raises a central question: What if we could leverage the full breadth of MOF knowledge, not just structured data sets, but also the scientific literature? For researchers, the literature remains the primary source of knowledge, yet much of its content, including experimental data and expert insight, remains underutilized by AI systems. We introduce MOF-ChemUnity, a structured, extensible, and scalable knowledge graph that unifies MOF data by linking literature-derived insights to crystal structures and computational data sets. By disambiguating MOF names in the literature and connecting them to crystal structures in the Cambridge Structural Database, MOF-ChemUnity unifies experimental and computational sources and enables cross-document knowledge extraction and linking. We showcase how this enables multiproperty machine learning across simulated and experimental data, compilation of complete synthesis records for individual compounds by aggregating information across multiple publications, and expert-guided materials recommendations via structure-based machine learning descriptors for pore geometry and chemistry. When used as a knowledge source to augment large language models (LLMs), MOF-ChemUnity enables a literature-informed AI assistant that operates over the full scope of MOF knowledge. Expert evaluations show improved accuracy, interpretability, and trustworthiness across tasks such as retrieval, inference of structure–property relationships, and materials recommendation, outperforming standard LLMs. This work lays the foundation for literature-informed materials discovery, enabling both scientists and AI systems to reason over the full existing knowledge in a new way.