Participation and Representation of Women in Europe

The comparative European survey on the participation and representation of women in Europe was conducted by Ipsos on behalf of the Konrad Adenauer Foundation. The countries selected were Germany, Italy, Croatia, Poland and Sweden. During the survey period 24.09.2021 to 22.03.2022, eligible voters aged 18 and over in the selected survey countries were interviewed by telephone (CATI) on the following topics: life satisfaction, importance and satisfaction of life areas, perception of the suitability of men and women, perception of gender-specific characteristics, prejudices against women and men, equal rights, gender equality and representation, experience and assessment of discrimination, political participation, trust in institutions, satisfaction with democracy and Sunday question. The respondents were selected using a stratified random sample including landline and mobile phone numbers (dual-frame sample).<br>Life satisfaction; importance of the individual areas of life family, time for oneself, friends, work and career; most important area of life (pretest only); satisfaction with the aforementioned areas of life; perception of gender-specific characteristics: Description woman/man (It is important to her/him to be rich. She/he wants to have a lot of money and own expensive things, It is important to her/him to be very successful. She/he hopes that people will recognize her/his achievements, It is important to her/him that others respect her/him. She/he wants people to do what she/he says, She/he identifies herself/himself as a feminist, She/he is very committed and wants to help shape society, She/he cares a lot about her/his appearance); perception of the suitability of men and women: Professional suitability to run a large company, to be head of government, to be a journalist, to take care of children, to be a general in the armed forces; better suitability of man or woman to be a member of parliament to represent political interests; prejudices women and men (women are more likely to make decisions based on emotions than men, men are more likely to be involved in corrupt activities than women, taking care of home and family is more important to women than men); support political measures for equal rights for men and women (extension of paid parental leave by three months on condition that both parents take part of this parental leave, binding quota of 50% men and 50% women on the supervisory boards of large companies, a place in a kindergarten must be offered for every child between the ages of 3 and 6); effects of the discussion about gender equality (discussion about gender equality in the country causes more problems than it solves, lowers the reputation of mothers who raise their children at home, makes our society better, gender equality is a problem of people who have no real problems, gender equality promotes economic development in the country, measures for more gender equality in the country harm our culture); extent of the problem of discrimination against women in society; agreement with statements on the state of gender equality in the country (women earn significantly less than their fair share, women have fewer opportunities than men to have an influential political career, women have fewer opportunities than men to reach the top of a company, women are often beaten by men or subjected to other forms of physical violence, women have to give up having children to be successful in their job, it is easier for girls than boys to get good grades at school, women are often financially dependent on their partner´s income); frequency of own experience of discrimination (discrimination of women against men, men against women, non-binary persons against binary persons); situation of discrimination (salary, behavior of salesmen or craftsmen, new job or promotion); state and politics: Political engagement (e.g. contact with a politician or official, involvement in a political party or group, etc.); political interest; assessment of own political participation opportunities (pretest only); assessment of own political abilities (pretest only); assessment of own opportunities to influence politics; confidence in own abilities to participate in politics; confidence in institutions (parliament, judiciary, police, government, European Union); satisfaction with democracy; party preference (Sunday question).

Demography: sex; age; age groups own allocation and total; employment status; religious affiliation; denomination or religious community; frequency of church attendance; residential environment; education; personal migration background or parents´ migration background; assessment of income situation; household size; number of persons in the household aged 18 and over.

Additionally coded were: Respondent ID; weighting factors; number of complete interviews; interview pretest vs. main survey; month, day and year of interview; interview date; start of interview; end of interview, duration in seconds; landline vs. Mobile; country of survey; NUTS region, municipality size, municipality type; random assignment of non-binary respondents to question 3a; education (categories) low, medium, high; number of landline numbers; number of landline numbers (mobile); use of mobile phones; number of mobile numbers; multiple use of mobile numbers.