Simple, Rapid and Sensitive Method for Determination of Nitrofurantoin in Human Plasma by using Liquid Chromatography / Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Abstract:A simple, rapid, and sensitive isocratic liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed and validated for the quantification of nitrofurantoin in human plasma. The assay employs ethyl acetate extraction and uses losartan as the internal standard. The mass transitions monitored were m/z 237.000→151.800 for nitrofurantoin and m/z 421.300→179.274 for losartan under ESI negative ionization. Linearity was observed from 10.107 to 999.900 ng/mL with an r² value of 0.99. The intra- and inter-day accuracy ranged from 83.61% to 107.16% and 93.13% to 103.02%, respectively. The mean recovery of nitrofurantoin was 80.2%. This validated method enables precise and efficient pharmacokinetic studies of nitrofurantoin in clinical settings, avoiding derivatization steps and optimizing both time and cost.