The framing preference for large and increasing components in static and dyna...

Describing sets in terms of a two-valued variable, either value can be chosen: exam results may be referred to by pass rates or fail rates. What determines such framing choices?...以二值变量（two-valued variable）描述集合时，可任选其一取值：考试结果可通过通过率或不及格率来指代。那么，究竟是什么因素决定了这类框架选择？