Lincomycin treatment of Col-0 and gun1-101

Retrograde signals emanate from the DNA-containing cell organelles (plastids and mitochondria) and control the expression of a large number of nuclear genes in response to environmental and developmental cues. GENOMES UNCOUPLED1 (GUN1) participating in multiple retrograde signaling pathways that collectively regulate the nuclear transcriptome. We used microarrays to further investigate the regulation of nuclear gene expression by PGE retrograde signals mediated by GUN1. Since the PGE pathway of retrograde signaling is mainly active during the first few days after germination when massive chloroplast biogenesis is occurring, we grew germinated seedling in the dark for 5 days followed by 2 days in continuous light to mimic the chloroplast biogenesis events occurring during the first days after germination.