Original data

Calf diarrhea is one of the most common diseases causing significant economic losses in the livestock industry. In this study, a total of 100 diarrheic calves fecal samples were collected from 10 cattle farms in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. 97 <i>E. coli</i> strains and 20 <i>Salmonella</i> strains were detected. In <i>vitro</i>, the combination of Chinese Herbal Formula (CHF) and Microcin J25(MCJ) showed a synergistic inhibitory effect against <i>E. coli</i> and <i>Salmonella</i>. Moreover, the combined treatment also showed Virulence inhibitory activity. In <i>vivo</i>, the combination effectively reduced the incidence of diarrhea in healthy calves in dose-dependence.Our study indicated that the combination of Chinese Herbal Formula (CHF) and Microcin J25(MCJ) effectively combats multidrug-resistant <i>E. coli</i> and <i>Salmonella</i>, improving both prevention and treatment of calf diarrhea by enhancing immunity and restoring gut microbiota balance.