LL-37 induces ATP release from human urothelial cells (HUCs) (A) and GM-0111 reduces LL-37 induced ATP release in a dose-dependent manner (B).

HUCs were challenged with LL-37 at various concentrations for 15 min and the culture supernatants were analyzed for ATP. To determine the inhibitory effects of GM-0111 against LL-37 induced ATP release, HUCs were treated with GM-0111 for 30 min prior to the 15 min LL-37 challenge (3 µM). Dotted red line indicates the basal concentration of ATP in the cell culture supernatant.