Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Microalgae in a Continuous Stirred-Tank Reactor

The microalgae species Nannochloropsis gaditana (N. gaditana,
marine) and Scenedesmus almeriensis (S. almeriensis, freshwater) were subjected to
hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL; 350 °C; residence time of 15
min) in a continuous stirred-tank reactor (190 mL) at microalgae loadings
of 9.1 and 18.2 wt % in the feed. The results indicate that the high
loading of biomass in the feed promotes the formation of biocrude
oil, with a maximum yield of 54.8 ± 3.4 wt % for N. gaditana. A similar type of biocrude was obtained with both species. Its
nitrogen and carbon contents increased at the high biomass loading,
as well as the higher heating value. The HTL product yields varied
from those reported for batch experiments carried out at the same
reaction conditions. Most of the nutrients initially present in the
feedstock were recovered to some extent in bioavailable forms in the
aqueous phase, especially in the case of N. gaditana.