Environmental variables used for Maxent models.

CON denotes continuous, CAT categorical variables used for Maxent modelling of agriculture (AGR), sedentary animal husbandry (ANIM), nomadic pastoralism (PAST) and hunting-and-gathering (HG). Variables used for a particular landuse model are denoted by X, whereas red printing indicates that a variable was often among the three most influential variables (based on 10 model runs). Restriction to chosen variables was based on preliminary model trails (not detailed here) and some logical reasoning (e.g., using climate variables in relation to season rather than to month, considering the trans-equatorial extent of our study). See main text for the shape of effects of some variables in the models. Note that Maxent ENM is not designed as null hypothesis test on the effect of particular variables.