MAIN DIRECTIONS OF SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS ON THE GLOBALIZATION OF THE WORLD ECONOMY

Globalization of the world economy represents one of the most significant and complex phenomena of the contemporary era, reshaping the structure of international trade, capital flows, labor markets, and governance systems. This article examines the main directions of scientific concepts and theoretical frameworks that scholars have developed to understand and explain the processes of economic globalization. Through a systematic review of existing literature and theoretical models, this study identifies four principal conceptual directions: neoliberal integration theory, dependency and world-systems theory, institutionalist approaches, and heterodox perspectives emphasizing asymmetry and uneven development. The findings suggest that no single theoretical framework comprehensively captures the multidimensional character of globalization; rather, an integrative analytical approach is necessary. The article concludes that future research must account for emerging challenges such as deglobalization trends, digital transformation, and geopolitical fragmentation.