Benchmark Instances and Data Generation for Integrated Production and Investment Planning under the EU CBAM

This dataset accompanies the manuscript “Integrated Production and Investment Planning under the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism.” It contains the 45 benchmark instances and the Python data-generation notebook used to construct the computational test set for the proposed mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model and multi-cut Benders decomposition algorithm. The benchmark set comprises three size categories—Small, Medium, and Large—with five base instance configurations in each category and three random seeds for each configuration. The instances are designed to reflect key operational and regulatory features faced by a Tier-1 automotive supplier under the EU Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM), including multi-period equipment investment, product–composition activation, bill-of-materials-level carbon tracking, customer markets in the EU, domestic, and non-EU regions, and a time-dependent CBAM exposure schedule based on Regulation (EU) 2023/956. Raw materials are classified as baseline materials, characterized by lower costs and higher carbon emission factors, or green materials, characterized by higher costs and lower carbon emission factors. The parameter ranges and instance-generation logic are described in Section 5.1 of the manuscript. The dataset can be used to reproduce the benchmark instance-generation procedure, evaluate alternative solution methods on the same test set, and support extensions of the proposed planning framework. A README file describes the repository contents, instance structure, and software requirements.