Dataset related to article "The Complementary Role of PSMA Expression and [18F]FDG PET/CT in Predicting Thyroid Cancer Outcome - from Black and White to Shades of Gray, in the Era of Precision Oncology"

This record contains data related to article "<strong>The Complementary Role of PSMA Expression and [¹⁸F]FDG PET/CT in Predicting Thyroid Cancer Outcome - from Black and White to Shades of Gray, in the Era of Precision Oncology</strong>" Abstract<br> Background The value of Prostate Specific Membrane Antigen (PSMA) in thyroid carcinoma (TC) is still unknown. We<br> aimed to test the potential complementary role of PSMA expression and 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose ([<br> 18F]FDG)<br> uptake on PET/CT as biomarkers for TC outcome prediction.<br> Materials and methods From a retrospective cohort of TC patients we selected those fulfilling the following inclusion/<br> exclusion criteria: thyroidectomy in our Institution, available primary tumor tissue PSMA immunostaining, [<br> 18F]<br> FDG PET/CT and follow-up data. PSMA staining was visually assessed. PET/CT was considered positive in case of [<br> 18F]<br> FDG uptake higher than the background at the site of TC confirmed by cyto-/histology, and/or follow-up. Disease<br> recurrence, radioiodine refractoriness (RAI-R) and status at last follow-up (LFU) were used as outcome endpoints.<br> Results We included 23 subjects. Disease recurrence occurred in 18 patients (median time 11 months, range 1–40);<br> among these 12/18 developed RAI-R (median time 28 months, range 2–221), and 13/18 had evidence of disease at<br> LFU. PSMA expression was negative in 6/23 cases. PET/CT was negative in 11/23 patients (7/11 experienced recurrence).<br> PET/CT was positive in 9/12 patients showing RAI-R and 10/13 cases with evidence of disease at LFU. All<br> patients with positive PET/CT had a positive PSMA immunostaining. Six out of 11 patients with negative PET/CT were<br> positive at immunostaining, showing lower PSMA expression (median score of 30%, range 0–80%) than patients with<br> positive PET/CT. The TC samples without PSMA expression belonged to patients who resulted negative also at PET/CT<br> (3 experienced recurrence, 2 were RAI-R, and 1 had disease at LFU). Four out of 11 patients who resulted negative at<br> PET/CT exhibited very high PSMA expression (≥ 70%) and although 3 of them experienced recurrence, none resulted<br> RAI-R, and only 1 had persistent disease at LFU.<br> Conclusions Primary tumor PSMA expression and [<br> 18F]FDG uptake seem to play a complementary prognostic role in<br> TC. The majority of patients who expressed PSMA recurred. In the intermediate ATA risk class, patients with negative<br> PSMA immunostaining recurred less than patients expressing PSMA. Additionally, although patients with a negative