Results of environmental filtering and limiting similarity tests using a null model approach.

Wilcoxon signed-rank test comparing observed community weighted mean (CWM), range and standard deviation of nearest-neighbor distances (SD_NND) of traits to the means of the null expectation across all plots (n = 15), by considering intraspecific variability or not. Restricted SD_NND is the result of null model that constrained the species selection to each specific elevation. Two-tailed tests were used to the community weighted mean, and one-tailed tests were used to the range and SD_NND respectively, values in bold are significant (P< 0.05). The numbers in brackets refer to the number of plots in which the observed trait metric was significantly more or less than the null expectation.