Homo- or heterodimerization of RAF downstream of mutant RAS
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Similar to the WT pathway, activation of RAF downstream of oncogenic RAS depends on homo- or heterodimerization of RAF, although the importance of RAF proteins varies among cancer types (Dumaz et al, 2006; Heidorn et al, 2010; Blasco et al, 2011; Karreth et al, 2011; Eser et al, 2013; Heidorn et al, 2010; Poulikakos et al, 2010; Hatzivassiliou et al, 2010; reviewed in Lito et al, 2013). A notable exception to this requirement for RAF dimerization is BRAF V600E, which is RAS-independent and constitutively active as a monomer (Roring et al, 2012; Brummer et al, 2006; Freeman et al, 2013; Garnett et al, 2005).
与WT通路相似,癌基因RAS下游的RAF激活依赖于RAF的同源或异源二聚化,尽管RAF蛋白在各类癌症中的重要性存在差异(Dumaz等,2006;Heidorn等,2010;Blasco等,2011;Karreth等,2011;Eser等,2013;Heidorn等,2010;Poulikakos等,2010;Hatzivassiliou等,2010;详见Lito等,2013年综述)。BRAF V600E对此RAF二聚化要求构成显著的例外,该突变体独立于RAS且作为单体恒定激活(Roring等,2012;Brummer等,2006;Freeman等,2013;Garnett等,2005)。
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