Macroevolution of floral scent chemistry across radiations of male euglossine bee-pollinated plants

Floral volatiles play key roles as signaling agents that mediate interactions between plants and animals. Despite their importance, few studies have investigated broad patterns of volatile variation across groups of plants that share pollinators, particularly in a phylogenetic context. The “perfume flowers”, Neotropical plant species exhibiting exclusive pollination by male euglossine bees in search of chemical rewards, present an intriguing system to investigate these patterns due to the unique function of their chemical phenotypes as both signaling agents and rewards. We leverage recently-developed phylogenies and knowledge of biosynthesis along with decades of chemical ecology research to characterize axes of variation in the chemistry of perfume flowers, as well as understand their evolution at finer taxonomic scales. We detect pervasive chemical convergence, with many species across families exhibiting similar volatile phenotypes. Scent profiles of most species are dominated by com..., We built a database of floral perfume chemical composition, as well as pollinator identity, for any angiosperm pollinated by perfume-collecting male euglossine bees. Both published and unpublished data from the literature and from collaborators were used to build this database. For the published data, a literature search in ISI Web of Science and Scopus using the following search terms was conducted: (“scent plant” OR “perfume plant” OR “VOC” OR “volatile” OR “scent reward* plant” OR “perfume reward* flower” OR “scent reward* flower” OR “perfume reward* flower) AND (eugloss* OR “orchid bee”). In addition to this search, we screened the reference list of all obtained articles to check for works not obtained from the literature search. Only studies using headspace analyses were used. Following compilation of perfume data in a single database, we searched for the CAS number of individual floral perfume compounds in the online database (https://webbook.nist.gov/chemistry/cas-ser.html). Base..., , ## Perfume flower dataset

Scent data from male euglossine bee-pollinated plants, in addition to pollinator information The zipped folder contains 5 folders. Apart from the \"Raw_data\" folder, each folder contains all the data and source code required to run the primary R script.

Analyses were run in R version 4.2.1 with the following packages:
dplyr v. 1.1.2
tidyr v. 1.3.0
ggplot2 v. 3.4.2
compositions v. 2.0.6
ggpubr v. 0.6.0
pez v. 1.2.4
dendextend v. 1.17.1
ecodist v 2.0.9
ape v. 5.7.1
geomorph v. 4.0.5
phytools v. 1.5.1
geiger v. 2.0.11
phylogram v. 2.1.0
picante v. 1.8.2
chemodiv v. 0.2.0
webchem v. 1.2.0
ChemmineR v. 3.48.0
fmcsR v. 1.38.0
fBasics v. 4022.94
ade4 v. 1.7.22

Cells with NA refer to cases where formulae used to calculate values are unable to do so due to some inherent property of the data (e.g. when only 1 compound is present, diversity metrics are not possible to calculate).

These values are removed from analyses when diversity metrics are used as predictors.

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