Table_1_Barley Root Proteome and Metabolome in Response to Cytokinin and Abiotic Stimuli.XLSX

Cytokinin is a phytohormone involved in the regulation of diverse developmental and physiological processes in plants. Its potential in biotechnology and for development of higher-yield and more resilient plants has been recognized, yet the molecular mechanisms behind its action are far from understood. In this report, the roots of barley seedlings were explored as a new source to reveal as yet unknown cytokinin-responsive proteins for crop improvement. Here we found significant differences reproducibly observed for 178 proteins, for which some of the revealed cytokinin-responsive pathways were confirmed in metabolome analysis, including alterations phenylpropanoid pathway, amino acid biosynthesis and ROS metabolism. Bioinformatics analysis indicated a significant overlap between cytokinin response and response to abiotic stress. This was confirmed by comparing proteome and metabolome profiles in response to drought, salinity or a period of temperature stress. The results illustrate complex abiotic stress response in the early development of model crop plant and confirm an extensive crosstalk between plant hormone cytokinin and response to temperature stimuli, water availability or salinity stress.

细胞分裂素作为一种参与植物生长发育和生理过程调控的植物激素，其生物技术在培育高产和更具抗逆性的植物方面的潜力已得到认可。然而，其作用背后的分子机制尚待深入理解。在本报告中，本研究以大麦幼苗的根系作为新来源，旨在揭示尚未发现的细胞分裂素响应蛋白，以促进作物改良。我们发现了178种蛋白质存在显著差异，且这些差异可重复观察。其中，部分细胞分裂素响应途径已在代谢组学分析中得到证实，包括苯丙烷类化合物代谢途径、氨基酸生物合成以及活性氧代谢的改变。生物信息学分析表明，细胞分裂素响应与抗非生物胁迫之间存在显著的重叠。这一发现通过比较干旱、盐度或温度胁迫下的蛋白质组学和代谢组学特征得到了验证。研究结果揭示了模式作物植物早期发育过程中复杂的非生物胁迫响应机制，并证实了植物激素细胞分裂素与温度刺激、水分可用性或盐度胁迫响应之间广泛的互作。