Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2011 - Selected Districts of Papua - Indonesia

Abstract
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The Selected Districts of Papua Province Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) was conducted in 2011 by the Statistics Indonesia - Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) - with technical and financial support from UNICEF. Similar Survey was also conducted at the same time in West Papua Province. The survey provides valuable information on the situation of children and women in three selected districts of Papua Province: Merauke, Jayawijaya and Biak Numfor, and was based, in large part, on the need to furnish up-todate information on the situation of children and women in the selected districts of Papua Province to inform planning.

This survey forms part of the fourth round of the global MICS surveys initiated in 1995 to monitor progress towards goals and targets emanating from recent international agreements: the Millennium Declaration, adopted by all 191 United Nations Member States in September 2000, and the Plan of Action of A World Fit For Children, adopted by 189 Member States at the United Nations Special Session on Children in May 2002. Both of these commitments build upon promises made by the international community at the 1990 World Summit for Children.

The Selected Districts of Papua MICS was designed to collect information across a broad number of social indicators covering education, environment, health and child protection. The sample for the 2011 Selected Districts of Papua Province MICS was selected in two stages. Within each district, a specified number of census enumeration areas were selected systematically with probability proportional to size. After a household listing was carried out within the selected enumeration areas, a systematic sample of 25 households was drawn in each sample enumeration area. The total sample size was 3,000 households (1,000 for each district). The sample is not self-weighting and sample weights are used.

Geographic coverage
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Selected Districts of Papua Province: Merauke, Jayawijaya and Biak Numfor

Analysis unit
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- individuals
- households

Universe
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The survey covered all de jure household members (usual residents), all women aged between 15-49 years, all children under 5 living in the household, and all men aged 15-49 years.

Kind of data
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Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure
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The primary objective of the sample design for the Papua Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey was to produce statistically reliable district level estimates of most indicators, in three selected districts (Merauke, Jayawijaya and Biak Numfor districts) of Papua Province, for urban and rural areas. The districts were selected purposively by considering topographic areas in Papua Province.

A two-stage, stratified cluster sampling approach was used for the selection of the survey sample.

The target sample size for the Papua MICS was calculated as 1,000 households for each selected district.

The resulting number of households from this exercise was 1,000 households per selected district which is the sample size needed in each districts - thus yielding about 3,000 in total in the three districts in Papua province. The average number of households selected per cluster for each selected district was determined as 25 households, based on a number of considerations, including the design effect, the budget available, and the time that would be needed per team to complete one cluster. Dividing the total number of households by the number of sample households per cluster, it was calculated that 40 sample clusters would need to be selected in each selected district.

Since a two-stage, stratified cluster sampling approach was used for the selection of the survey sample, two sampling frames were used for each stage:
- For the first stage, the recent master list of Census Blocks, dated 5 May 2010. The list includes information on the number of households resulted from listing of 2010 population census, number of HH in each block census, information on the difficulty of the area, and urban/rural classification. Forty census blocks were selected according to probability proportional to size (pps), while the size is number of households in each districts based on the listing of 2010 Population Census.
- For the second stage, a list of households resulting from the updated listing of the 2010 Population Census. Twenty-five households in each block census were selected using systematic random sampling.

Since the sampling frame (the 2010 Population Census) was not up-to-date, a listing of households was conducted in each cluster by all enumeration teams to update the existing information based on Population Census in all the sample enumeration areas prior to the selection of households.

Lists of households were prepared by the enumeration team in the field for each enumeration area. The households were then sequentially numbered from 1 to n (the total number of households in each enumeration area) at the Central Statistical Office, where the selection of 25 households in each enumeration area was carried out by the supervisor using random systematic selection procedures.

The sampling procedures are more fully described in "Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2011 - Final Report" pp.159-161.

Mode of data collection
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Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument
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The questionnaires for the Generic MICS were structured questionnaires based on the MICS4 model questionnaire with some modifications and additions. Household questionnaires were administered in each household, which collected various information on household members including sex, age and relationship. The household questionnaire includes household listing form, education, water and sanitation, household characteristics, insecticide-treated nets, child labour and child discipline.

In addition to a household questionnaire, questionnaires were administered in each household for women age 15-49, children under age five and men age 15-49. For children, the questionnaire was administered to the mother or primary caretaker of the child.

The women's questionnaire includes woman's background, child mortality, desire for last birth, maternal and newborn health, contraception, unmet need, attitudes toward domestic violence, marriage/union, sexual behavior, HIV/AIDS, and alcohol use.

The children's questionnaire includes child's age, birth registration, breastfeeding, malaria, and immunization.

The men's questionnaire includes man's background, attitudes toward domestic violence, marriage/union, sexual behavior, HIV/AIDS, circumcision and alcohol use.

The questionnaires are based on the MICS4 model questionnaire.4 From the MICS4 model English version, the questionnaires were translated into Bahasa Indonesia and were pretested in Kemtuk Village in Jayapura district and Bagai Village in Keerom district in Papua Province during 18 – 22 July 2011. Based on the results of the pre-test, modifications were made to the wording and translation of the questionnaires.

Cleaning operations
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Data was entered using the CSPro software. The data was entered on 12 microcomputers, carried out by 12 data entry operators under the supervision of one secondary editor and one data entry supervisor. In order to ensure quality control, all questionnaires were double-entered and internal consistency checks were performed. Procedures and standard programmes developed under the global MICS4 programme and adapted to the Selected Districts of Papua MICS questionnaire were used throughout. Data processing began simultaneously with data collection in 8 October 2011 and was completed in 31 December 2011. Data was analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software programme, Version 18, and the model syntax and tabulation plans developed by UNICEF were used for this purpose.

Response rate
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Of the 3,000 households selected for the three districts sample, 2,900 were found to be occupied. Of these, 2,866 were successfully interviewed for a household response rate of 98.8 percent. In the interviewed households, 3,017 women (age 15-49 years) were identified. Of these, 2,784 were successfully interviewed, yielding a response rate of 92.3 percent within interviewed households. In addition, 2,996 men (age 15-49 years) were listed in the household questionnaire. Questionnaires were completed for 2,568 of eligible men, a response rate of 85.7 percent within interviewed households. There were 1,561 children under age five listed in the household questionnaire. Questionnaires were completed for 1,511 of these children, which corresponds to a response rate of 96.8 percent within interviewed households. Overall response rates of 91.2, 84.7 and 95.7 are calculated for the women’s, men’s and under-5’s interviews respectively.

The household response rate was similar among the three districts of Merauke, Jayawijaya and Biak Numfor; whereas the women, men and children response rates were generally lower in the districts of Merauke and Jayawijaya. It is worth noting that male response rates in Merauke District were around 75 percent and results for this district should be interpreted with some caution, as the response rates are low.

Sampling error estimates
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Sampling errors are a measure of the variability between the estimates from all possible samples. The extent of variability is not known exactly, but can be estimated statistically from the survey data.

The following sampling error measures are presented in this appendix for each of the selected indicators:
- Standard error (se): Sampling errors are usually measured in terms of standard errors for particular indicators (means, proportions etc). Standard error is the square root of the variance of the estimate. The Taylor linearization method is used for the estimation of standard errors.
- Coefficient of variation (se/r) is the ratio of the standard error to the value of the indicator, and is a measure of the relative sampling error.
- Design effect (deff) is the ratio of the actual variance of an indicator, under the sampling method used in the survey, to the variance calculated under the assumption of simple random sampling. The square root of the design effect (deft) is used to show the efficiency of the sample design in relation to the precision. A deft value of 1.0 indicates that the sample design is as efficient as a simple random sample, while a deft value above 1.0 indicates an increase in the standard error due to the use of a more complex sample design.
- Confidence limits are calculated to show the interval within which the true value for the population can be reasonably assumed to fall, with a specified level of confidence. For any given statistic calculated from the survey, the value of that statistic will fall within a range of plus or minus two times the standard error (r + 2.se or r – 2.se) of the statistic in 95 percent of all possible samples of identical size and design.

For the calculation of sampling errors from MICS data, SPSS Version 18 Complex Samples module has been used. The results are shown in the tables that follow. In addition to the sampling error measures described above, the tables also include weighted and unweighted counts of denominators for each indicator.

Sampling errors are calculated for indicators of primary interest for each district: Merauke, Jayawijaya and Biak Numfor. Seven are based on household members, 11 are based on women, 7 are based on men and 10 are based on children under 5. All indicators presented here are in the form of proportions.

Data appraisal
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A series of data quality tables are available to review the quality of the data and include the following:

- Age distribution of the household population
- Age distribution of eligible and interviewed women
- Age distribution of eligible and interviewed men
- Age distribution of children under 5 in household and children under 5 questionnaires
- Women’s completion rates by socio-economic characteristics of households
- Men’s completion rates by socio-economic characteristics of households
- Completion rates for under-5 questionnaires by socio-economic characteristics of households
- Completeness of reporting
- Observation of bednets
- Observation of women’s health cards
- Observation of under-5s birth certificates
- Observation of vaccination cards
- Presence of mother in the household and the person interviewed for the under-5 questionnaire
- Selection of children age 2–14 years for the child discipline module
- School attendance by single age
- Sex ratio at birth among children ever born and living

The results of each of these data quality tables are shown in appendix C in document "Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2011 - Final Report" pp.167-177.

摘要
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巴布亚省选定地区多指标聚类调查（MICS）于2011年由印度尼西亚统计局（Badan Pusat Statistik, BPS）进行，该调查得到了联合国儿童基金会（UNICEF）的技术和财政支持。与此同时，在西巴布亚省也进行了类似的调查。该调查提供了关于巴布亚省三个选定地区（美拉尤克、贾亚维查亚和比亚库努福）儿童和妇女状况的宝贵信息，其主要目的是为了满足对选定地区儿童和妇女状况最新信息的需要，以供规划参考。

此次调查构成了自1995年开始的全球MICS调查第四轮，旨在监测近年来国际协议所提出的目标和进展：2000年9月所有191个联合国会员国通过的千年宣言，以及2002年5月在联合国儿童特别会议上由189个会员国通过的《为儿童适宜的世界行动计划》。这两项承诺都建立在1990年世界儿童峰会国际社会所做出的承诺之上。

巴布亚省选定地区MICS旨在收集涵盖教育、环境、健康和儿童保护等多个社会指标的信息。2011年巴布亚省选定地区MICS的样本在两个阶段被选取。在每个区，根据大小概率系统性地选择了指定数量的户籍调查区域。在选定调查区域内的户籍清查之后，在每个样本调查区域中抽取了25户家庭的系统性样本。总样本量为3,000户家庭（每个区1,000户）。样本未自加权，并使用了样本权重。

地理覆盖范围
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巴布亚省选定地区：美拉尤克、贾亚维查亚和比亚库努福

分析单位
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- 个人
- 家庭

总体
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调查涵盖了所有法定家庭成员（常住居民）、所有15-49岁的妇女、所有居住在家庭中的5岁以下儿童，以及所有15-49岁的男性。

数据类型
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样本调查数据 [ssd]

抽样程序
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巴布亚省多指标聚类调查的样本设计的主要目标是产生对大多数指标的统计上可靠的区级估计，这些指标包括巴布亚省三个选定地区（美拉尤克、贾亚维查亚和比亚库努福区）的城市和农村地区。选定地区是通过考虑巴布亚省的地形区域而有意选取的。

使用了两个阶段的分层聚类抽样方法来选择调查样本。

巴布亚MICS的目标样本量计算为每个选定地区1,000户家庭。

此操作产生的选定地区家庭数量为每个选定地区1,000户，这是每个地区所需的样本量，因此总共在巴布亚省的三个地区产生了大约3,000户。每个选定地区每个抽样簇选定的家庭平均数量为25户，这是基于多种考虑，包括设计效应、可用的预算以及每个团队完成一个簇所需的时间。

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