NCHS - Drug Poisoning Mortality by County: United States

This dataset describes drug poisoning deaths at the U.S. and state level by selected demographic characteristics, and includes age-adjusted death rates for drug poisoning.

Deaths are classified using the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD–10). Drug-poisoning deaths are defined as having ICD–10 underlying cause-of-death codes X40–X44 (unintentional), X60–X64 (suicide), X85 (homicide), or Y10–Y14 (undetermined intent).

Estimates are based on the National Vital Statistics System multiple cause-of-death mortality files (1). Age-adjusted death rates (deaths per 100,000 U.S. standard population for 2000) are calculated using the direct method. Populations used for computing death rates for 2011–2017 are postcensal estimates based on the 2010 U.S. census. Rates for census years are based on populations enumerated in the corresponding censuses. Rates for noncensus years before 2010 are revised using updated intercensal population estimates and may differ from rates previously published.

Death rates for some states and years may be low due to a high number of unresolved pending cases or misclassification of ICD–10 codes for unintentional poisoning as R99, “Other ill-defined and unspecified causes of mortality” (2). For example, this issue is known to affect New Jersey in 2009 and West Virginia in 2005 and 2009 but also may affect other years and other states. Drug poisoning death rates may be underestimated in those instances.

REFERENCES
1. National Center for Health Statistics. National Vital Statistics System: Mortality data. Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/deaths.htm.

2. CDC. CDC Wonder: Underlying cause of death 1999–2016. Available from: http://wonder.cdc.gov/wonder/help/ucd.html.

本数据集详细描述了美国及其各州层面的药物中毒死亡情况，并根据选定的人口统计学特征进行了分类。其中包含药物中毒的年龄调整死亡率。死亡病例的分类采用国际疾病分类第十版（ICD-10）。药物中毒死亡病例定义为具有ICD-10根本死因代码X40-X44（非故意）、X60-X64（自杀）、X85（他杀）或Y10-Y14（意图不明）的情况。

估计值基于国家生命统计系统多原因死亡死亡率文件（1）。年龄调整死亡率（以2000年美国标准人口每10万人为单位）通过直接方法计算得出。用于计算2011-2017年死亡率的总人口是基于2010年美国人口普查的现有人口估计。普查年度的比率基于相应普查中的人口统计。2010年之前的非普查年度的比率使用更新的跨普查人口估计进行修订，可能与之前发布的比率存在差异。

由于大量未解决的待审案件或ICD-10中毒代码错误分类为R99，“其他未定义和未明确指定的死亡原因”，某些州和年份的死亡率可能较低（2）。例如，这一问题是已知的，在2009年影响新泽西州，在2005年和2009年影响西弗吉尼亚州，但也可能影响其他年份和其他州。在这些情况下，药物中毒死亡率的估计可能被低估。

参考文献
1. 国家健康统计中心。国家生命统计系统：死亡率数据。可从：http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/deaths.htm。
2. 美国疾病控制与预防中心。CDC wonder：1999-2016年根本死因。可从：http://wonder.cdc.gov/wonder/help/ucd.html。