L. asaccharolyticus alleviates ASD-like behaviors via OEA-mediated synaptic regulation

This study integrates fecal metagenomic data from our in‑house ASD cohort and four public datasets, revealing a significant depletion of L. asaccharolyticus in children with ASD compared to typically developing (TD) peers. To further validate this finding, we administered L. asaccharolyticus to BTBR mice—a model for autism—and assessed its therapeutic effects through multi‑omics analyses, including single‑cell transcriptomics, to verify the underlying mechanisms. The deposited files include processed data and corresponding analysis code for figure generation, comprising: Population study component: Contains both in‑house and public metadata, along with code for generating Fig. 1 and Fig. 3d (in-house microbial data and population characteristics can be accessed from https://zenodo.org/records/17730818). Files include: ASD-seq data.RData, ASD population data analysis.R, MetaPhlAn_public_ASD.xlsx Animal study component: Includes fecal, colon, and cecum 16S rRNA sequencing data, as well as 16S rRNA analysis of colon and cortex tissues—primarily supporting Fig. 2 and Fig. 5. Files include: Animal study.RData, Brain_RNAseq.R, Brain_RNAseq.R, colon_RNAseq.R, colon_16s.R, stool_16s.R, Fecal metabolites.R (for processing meta_intensity_neg.xlsx and meta_intensity_pos.xlsx), BTBR behaviors.R Cell transcriptome analysis: Provides raw count data and analysis code for Fig. 4. The ProxPath method and its implementation code are also included in the deposition. Files include: ASD-seq data.RData, cell_RNAseq_new.R, Signor_all_data_30_10_25.tsv, GSVA_pathway_screening.R, ProxPath_SFARI1_Yuqi.R