Genetic and antigenic diversity of influenza A viruses and efficacy of diagnostic methods andnanotechnological vaccine for the control of influenza in swine.

Swine respiratory infections caused by influenza A viruses (IAVs) generate important economic losses for the industry and pose a threat to human health due to the possibility of the emergence of viruses with pandemic potential. The co-circulation of multiple genetically distinct influenza virus lineages of the three predominant subtypes (H1N1, H1N2, H3N2) in swine introduces new challenges for influenza control in swine herds in Brazil, and for the development of vaccines that induce cross-protection among different viral lineages. This project evaluated the genetic and antigenic evolution of influenza viruses in swine in Brazil, proposed alternatives for rapid diagnosis and control of the disease, such as the use of a nanotechnology vaccine, and the investigation of host-pathogen interaction. A nanotechnological vaccine against IAV was evaluated in pigs and the host-pathogen relationship was studied through the analysis of the transcriptome of vaccinated and non-vaccinated pigs for IAV.