Comparison of the proposed approach (Method A) with previous method (Method B) that does not consider augmented epistasis for mapping QTL of Z1 under the F2 metric model.

* n denotes sample size; m is number of replications; and is residual variance for the phenotypic trait value . The numbers in parentheses are standard deviation and the same is true for the later tables except for Table 6 to Table 8.** , , , and , see model (3) for details.