Data supporting: Population Status of Sumatran and Tapanuli Orangutans: A Comprehensive Assessment 2021–2023

This dataset supports the findings reported in Hadi et al. (2026), Population Status of Sumatran and Tapanuli Orangutans: A Comprehensive Assessment 2021–2023, Global Ecology and Conservation (in press). The deposit contains three spatial and tabular datasets: (1) metapopulation boundary polygons for 11 wild Sumatran (Pongo abelii) and Tapanuli (Pongo tapanuliensis) orangutan populations derived from the IUCN 2023 species range; (2) Indonesian forest management (Kawasan Hutan) classification clipped to the orangutan range and spatially joined to metapopulation boundaries, derived from provincial ministerial decrees (SK) for Aceh and North Sumatra; and (3) per-metapopulation annual forest loss statistics (2001–2023) derived from Hansen et al. (2013) Global Forest Change v1.11. These data underpin the population estimates, forest loss analyses, and land management assessments presented in the manuscript. R scripts used for distance sampling, factor analysis, and GLMM modelling are available separately at https://github.com/BJWBuckley/Sumatran-Orangutan-Population-Assessment-2021-2023 Fine-resolution spatial outputs (per-cell density predictions and transect locations) are restricted under Indonesian law (SK Menlhk 399/2024) and are available on request from the corresponding author ([e-mail]).