“Fatal Cannabis Resin Intoxication in a 10-Month-Old Infant with Severe Hyperkalemia: A Case Report and Literature Review

Fatal cannabis intoxication in infants is exceptionally rare. We report a case of lethal cannabis resin ingestion in a previously healthy 10-month-old male infant with confirmed toxicological evidence of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) exposure and severe hyperkalemia. The child was admitted one hour after the suspected accidental ingestion, presenting with somnolence, axial hypotonia, fixed gaze, hypotension, and intermittent apnea. Laboratory testing revealed a serum potassium level of 6.8 mEq/L, and toxicological analysis confirmed Δ9-THC exposure. He was admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit and received endotracheal intubation, mechanical ventilation, intravenous fluid resuscitation, vasoactive support, and anticonvulsant therapy. Despite maximal supportive measures, he developed refractory seizures and progressive cardiovascular collapse, leading to death within 24 hours of admission. This case highlights the potential lethality of cannabis ingestion in infants and suggests that severe hyperkalemia may contribute to cardiovascular collapse in this setting. Early recognition, intensive management, and preventive strategies—including caregiver education and child-resistant packaging—are essential to mitigate the risk of pediatric cannabis intoxication.