Supporting data for "Genome sequence of the barred knifejaw Oplegnathus fasciatus (Temminck & Schlegel, 1844): the first chromosome-level draft genome in the family Oplegnathidae"

The barred knifejaw (<em>Oplegnathus fasciatus</em>), a member of the Oplegnathidae family of the Centrarchiformes, is a commercially important rocky reef fish native to East Asia.<em> O. fasciatus</em> has become an important fishery resource for offshore cage aquaculture and fish stocking of marine ranching in China, Japan and Korea. Recently, sexual dimorphism in growth with neo-sex chromosome and widespread biotic diseases in <em>O. fasciatus</em> has been received increasing concern. However, adequate genome resources for gaining insight into sex-determining mechanisms and establishing genetically resistant breeding systems for <em>O. fasciatus</em> are lacking. Here, we analysed the entire genome of a female <em>O. fasciatus</em> fish using long-read sequencing and Hi-C data to generate chromosome-length scaffolds and a highly contiguous genome assembly. We assembled the <em>O. fasciatus</em> genome with a total of 245.0 Gb of raw reads that were generated using both of PacBio Sequel and Illumina HiSeq 2000 platforms. The final draft genome assembly was approximately 778.7 Mb, which reached a high level of continuity with a contig N50 of 2.1 Mb. The genome size was consistent with the estimated genome size (777.5 Mb) based on <em>k</em>-mer analysis. We combined Hi-C data with a draft genome assembly to generate chromosome-length scaffolds. Twenty-four scaffolds corresponding to the twenty-four chromosomes were assembled to a final size of 768.8 Mb with a contig N50 of 2.1 Mb and a scaffold N50 of 33.5 Mb using 1,372 contigs. The identified repeat sequences accounted for 33.9% of the entire genome, and 24,003 protein-coding genes with an average of 10.1 exons per gene were annotated using <em>de novo</em> methods, with RNA-seq data and homologies to other teleosts. According to phylogenetic analysis using protein-coding genes, <em>O. fasciatus</em> is closely related to <em>Larimichthys crocea</em>, with <em>O. fasciatus</em> diverging from their common ancestor approximately 70.5-88.5 million years ago. We generated a high-quality draft genome with chromosome assembly for <em>O. fasciatus</em> using long reads by using the PacBio sequencing technologies, which represents the first chromosome-level reference genome for Oplegnathidae species. Assembly of this genome will provide insight into sex-determining mechanisms and serve as a resource for accelerating genome-assisted improvements in resistant breeding systems.