Scripts and data for: Integrating different facets of diversity into food web models: how adaptation among and within functional groups shape ecosystem functioning

Adaptation of communities to environmental fluctuations can emerge from
different facets of biodiversity,  which may impact ecosystem
functioning differently. Previous work examined how ecosystem functions
can be influenced by two sources of adaptive potential: sorting (i.e.,
changes in community composition due to fitness differences) can occur
when multiple species or groups are present (richness), and trait
adaptability (i.e., trait adjustments within species or functional groups)
can emerge from genetic or phenotypic diversity. However, their effect is
typically studied separately, and often in the context of only one trophic
level. Therefore, we used a bitrophic trait-based model varying in
richness and in the presence of trait adaptability at each trophic level,
to investigate how sorting and trait adaptability, at one or two trophic
levels, separately or jointly shape ecosystem functions. We found that the
adaptive potential emerging from any facet of diversity-induced changes in
trophic interactions, in turn, affects biomass distributions within and
across trophic levels, dynamical behaviour, and synchrony of biomass
dynamics within a trophic level. Particularly, sorting and trait
adaptability could contribute to a similar degree and at a similar time to
temporal changes in ecosystem functions, but their respective contribution
depended on the speed of trait adaptation, the trait range between similar
functional groups, and trophic interactions. We thus suggest to consider
multiple facets of diversity and their corresponding sources of adaptive
potential to deepen our mechanistic understanding of ecosystem
functioning, especially in a context of rapid biodiversity change.