TITLE: TYPOLOGICAL LINGUISTICS AS A FRAMEWORK FOR INVESTIGATING LANGUAGE UNIVERSALS AND STRUCTURAL DIVERSITY

Typological linguistics constitutes one of the most important approaches in modern linguistic research, as it provides a systematic method for comparing languages on the basis of their structural and functional properties rather than their genetic affiliation. The main aim of typological linguistics is to identify language universals and to explain the patterns of variation that characterize human language. This thesis explores the theoretical foundations, methodological principles, and scientific significance of typological linguistics, emphasizing its role in revealing both the unity and diversity of linguistic systems.