Online Supplementary - CSN1S1 and CSN3 gene polymorphisms in female Murrah buffaloes

This research communication describes the occurrence of polymorphisms in the CSN1S1 and CSN3 genes in female Murrah buffaloes. The four casein genes, CSN1S1, CSN1S2, CSN2, and CSN3 are responsible for encoding the four fractions of the casein protein. The CSN1S1 and CSN3 genes were analyzed in 41 lactating Murrah buffaloes using nucleotide sequencing. An SNP was found in the amplified fragment of the CSN1S1 gene, located in nucleotide number 2,123 of the promoter region in position nt-258 (A/G). As for the CSN3 gene, two SNPs at nt-98 and nt-102 of exon number 4 were identified in codons 33 (ACC/ATC) and 34 (ACC/ACT) of the analyzed fragment. By investigating the polymorphisms of candidate genes in dairy buffalo important as-sociations between genetic variants and the desired characteristics of milk and its derivatives can be established, enabling genetic selection to be assisted by molecular markers.

本研究通讯阐述了在雌性默拉水牛CSN1S1和CSN3基因中发生的多态性现象。四种乳清蛋白基因，包括CSN1S1、CSN1S2、CSN2和CSN3，负责编码乳清蛋白的四个组分。采用核苷酸测序技术对41头哺乳期默拉水牛的CSN1S1和CSN3基因进行了分析。在CSN1S1基因的扩增片段中发现了单核苷酸多态性（SNP），位于启动子区域的第2,123个核苷酸位置（nt-258），呈现为（A/G）型。至于CSN3基因，在第4外显子的第98和第102个核苷酸位置，分别检测到两个SNPs，位于分析片段的第33个密码子（ACC/ATC）和第34个密码子（ACC/ACT）。通过对乳牛重要候选基因的多态性进行探究，可以建立遗传变异与乳及其制品理想特性之间的关联，从而借助分子标记辅助遗传选择。