General Household Survey 2004 - South Africa

Abstract
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The GHS is an annual household survey specifically designed to measure the living circumstances of South African households. The GHS collects data on education, employment, health, housing and household access to services.

Geographic coverage
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The survey is representative at national level and at provincial level.

Analysis unit
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Households and individuals

Universe
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The survey covered all de jure household members (usual residents) of households in the nine provinces of South Africa and residents in workers' hostels. The survey does not cover collective living quarters such as students' hostels, old age homes, hospitals, prisons and military barracks.

Kind of data
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Sample survey data

Sampling procedure
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The sample is multi-stage stratified using probability proportional to size principles. The first stage is stratification by province, then by type of area within each province. Primary sampling units (PSUs) are then selected proportionally within each stratum (urban or non-urban) in all provinces.

Mode of data collection
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Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument
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GHS uses questionnaires as data collection instruments

Data appraisal
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Earlier versions of the GHS datasets 2002 to 2007 include a District Council variable. This is no longer available in the later versions issued by Statistics SA. They caution that although the GHS 2005-2007 sample was designed to report at DC level, estimations are not reliable at this level. The 2008 - 2013 sample was designed to report at provincial and metro level. However, StatsSA did not take the absent population at metro into account when weighting the data and therefore this data is not reliable at Metro level.

The new programs that were introduced for weighting of the general household surveys from 2008 onwards, discard all records with missing values for age, sex or population group (for observations at household level, they are the values for age, sex or population group of the household head). This means that missing values of those variables were imputed. The emphasis was on obtaining reliable imputations rather than a 100% imputation rate, so some persons/households were discarded during the weighting.

摘要
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GHS（南非家庭生活状况调查）是一项年度家庭调查，旨在测量南非家庭的居住环境。GHS收集有关教育、就业、健康、住房和家庭服务获取方面的数据。
地理覆盖范围
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该调查在国家层面和省级层面都具有代表性。
分析单元
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家庭和个人
总体
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调查涵盖了南非九个省份的所有法定家庭成员（常住居民）以及工人宿舍的居民。调查不包括学生宿舍、养老院、医院、监狱和军事营房等集体居住场所。
数据类型
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样本调查数据
抽样程序
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样本采用多阶段分层概率比例抽样方法。第一阶段按省份进行分层，然后在每个省份内按区域类型进行分层。随后，在所有省份的每个层（城市或非城市）内按比例选择初级抽样单位（PSU）。
数据收集方式
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面对面（f2f）
研究工具
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GHS使用问卷作为数据收集工具
数据评估
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GHS数据集的早期版本（2002年至2007年）包括一个区域委员会变量。这一变量在由南非统计局发布的后续版本中已不再可用。他们警告称，尽管GHS 2005-2007年的样本设计旨在报告至区域委员会级别，但在此级别的估计并不可靠。2008-2013年的样本设计旨在报告至省级和城市级。然而，南非统计局在加权数据时未考虑城市级别的缺失人口，因此这些数据在都市级别并不可靠。
自2008年起引入的新程序用于加权一般家庭调查，丢弃了所有年龄、性别或人口群体缺失值的记录（对于家庭层面的观察，它们是户主年龄、性别或人口群体的值）。这意味着这些变量的缺失值被估算。重点在于获得可靠的估算，而不是100%的估算率，因此在加权过程中丢弃了一些个人/家庭。