Climate change has desynchronised insect and vegetation phenologies across Europe

This study evaluates how climate change has affected the phenological synchrony between vegetation and insects across Europe. Leveraging 34 years of remote‑sensing observations and citizen‑science records, we analysed observations of 1,495 phytophagous insect species (spanning four orders) together with the vegetation start‑of‑season (SOS) at the same spatio‑temporal points. Our goal was to quantify long-term trends in vegetation and insect phenology and analyse potential drivers.