BGS Geology - 10k (DiGMapGB-10) version 2

Data identifying landscape areas (shown as polygons) attributed with geological names. The scale of the data is 1:10 000 scale. Onshore coverage is partial with approximately 30% of England, Scotland and Wales available in this version 2 data release. BGS intend to continue developing coverage at this scale; current focus is to include all large priority urban areas, along with road and rail transport corridors. Data are supplied as five themes: bedrock, superficial deposits, mass movement, artificial ground and linear features. Bedrock geology describes the main mass of solid rocks forming the earth's crust. Bedrock is present everywhere, whether exposed at surface in outcrops or concealed beneath superficial deposits or water bodies. Geological names are based on the lithostratigraphic or lithodemic hierarchy. The lithostratigraphic scheme arranges rock bodies into units based on rock-type and geological time of formation. Where rock-types do not fit into the lithostratigraphic scheme, for example intrusive, deformed rocks subjected to heat and pressure resulting in new or changed rock types; then their classification is based on their rock type or lithological composition. This assesses visible features such as texture, structure, mineralogy. Superficial deposits are younger geological deposits formed during the most recent geological time; the Quaternary. These deposits rest on older rocks or deposits referred to as bedrock. The superficial deposits theme defines landscape areas (shown as polygons) attributed with a geological name and their deposit type or lithological composition. Mass movement describes areas where deposits have moved down slope under gravity to form landslips. These landslips can affect bedrock, superficial or artificial ground. Mass movement deposits are described in the BGS Rock Classification Scheme Volume 4. However the data also includes foundered strata, where ground has collapsed due to subsidence (this is not described in the Rock Classification Scheme). Caution should be exercised with this data; whilst mass movement events are recorded in this layer, due to the dynamic nature of occurrence significant changes may have occurred since the data was released, as such it should be viewed as a snapshot in time (data should be regarded as at 2008). Artificial (man-made) theme (shown as polygons) indicates areas where the ground surface has been significantly modified by human activity. Whilst artificial ground may not be considered as part of the 'real geology' of bedrock and superficial deposits it does affect them. Artificial ground impacts on the near surface ground conditions which are important to human activities and economic development. Due to the constantly changing nature of land use and re-use/redevelopment, caution must be exercised when using this data as it represents a snapshot in time rather than an evolving picture hence the data may become dated very rapidly. Linear features (shown as polylines) represent geological structural features e.g. faults, folds or landforms e.g. buried channels, glacial drainage channels at the ground or bedrock surface (beneath superficial deposits). Linear features are associated most closely with the bedrock theme either as an intrinsic part of it for example marine bands or affecting it in the case of faults. However landform elements are associated with both bedrock and superficial deposits. All five data themes are available in vector format (containing the geometry of each feature linked to a database record describing their attributes) as ESRI shapefiles and are available under BGS data licence.

本数据集识别了地表区域（以多边形形式展示），并赋予其地质名称。数据比例尺为1:10,000。陆地覆盖范围部分，在此版本2的数据发布中，英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士的约30%可获得。英国地质调查局（BGS）计划继续在此比例尺下开发覆盖范围；当前重点在于包括所有大型优先级城市区域，以及道路和铁路交通走廊。数据以五个主题提供：基岩、地表沉积物、滑坡、人工地基和线性特征。基岩地质描述了构成地球地壳的主要固体岩石本体。基岩无处不在，无论是地表露头还是隐藏于地表沉积物或水体之下。地质名称基于岩性地层或岩性地层体系。岩性地层方案将岩石体按岩石类型和形成地质时代划分为单位。对于不符合岩性地层方案的岩石类型，例如侵入岩、经热力和压力作用而形成新岩型或岩型发生变化的变形岩；其分类则基于其岩石类型或岩性组成。这评估了可见特征，如纹理、结构、矿物学。地表沉积物主题定义了赋予地质名称和其沉积类型或岩性组成的景观区域。滑坡描述了沉积物在重力作用下沿坡面移动形成滑坡的地区。这些滑坡可能影响基岩、地表或人工地基。滑坡沉积物在BGS岩石分类方案第四卷中描述。然而，数据还包括地面因沉降而塌陷的层状结构（这在岩石分类方案中未描述）。使用此数据时应谨慎；虽然该层记录了滑坡事件，但由于事件发生的动态性质，自数据发布以来可能发生了显著变化，因此应将其视为某一时刻的快照（数据应视为2008年的状态）。人工（人造）主题（以多边形形式展示）指示了地表地面因人类活动而显著改变的区域。虽然人工地基可能不被视为基岩和地表沉积物的“真实地质”部分，但它确实影响它们。人工地基影响近地表的地面条件，这对于人类活动和经济发展至关重要。由于土地利用和再利用/再开发性质的不断变化，使用此数据时应谨慎，因为它代表了一个时刻的快照，而不是一个不断演变的画面，因此数据可能会迅速过时。线性特征（以折线形式展示）代表地质构造特征，例如断层、褶皱或地貌，例如埋藏河床、冰川排水通道在地表或基岩表面（地表沉积物之下）。线性特征与基岩主题最为密切关联，要么作为其固有部分，例如海洋带，要么影响它，例如断层。然而，地貌要素与基岩和地表沉积物均有关联。所有五个数据主题均以矢量格式（包含每个特征的几何形状，并链接到一个描述其属性的数据库记录）提供，为ESRI形状文件，并受BGS数据许可协议约束。