Increased AIF-1-mediated TNF-α expression during the implantation phase in IVF cycles with GnRH antagonist protocol

Administration of GnRH antagonist in IVF has several advantages. However, studies have shown that GnRH antagonist protocol cycles have lower implantation and clinical pregnancy rates than GnRH agonist long protocol cycles. Endometrial receptivity rather than embryo quality is thought to account for this phenomenon, however the mechanism is still largely unknown. This microarray analysed human endometrium during ‘implantation window phase’ between three groups: 1) untreated control, 2) GnRH agonist long protocol, and 3) GnRH antagonist protocol. The differential gene between groups uncovered the molecular mechanism occurred in endometrium affected by the intake of GnRH agonist or GnRH antagonist. Further study of these differential gene promises to find the reasons for lower endometrial receptivity in patients treated with GnRH antagonist and to improve the implantation rate in GnRH antagonist protocols in IVF. Analysis of 9 human mid-secretory endomtrium samples collected from patients with IVF/ICSI cycles between 2012 and 2014. The recruited patients were divided into three groups (n=3 per group): 1) untreated control, 2) GnRH agonist long protocol, and 3) GnRH antagonist protocol. studies have shown that GnRH antagonist protocol cycles have lower implantation and clinical pregnancy rates than GnRH agonist long protocol cycles. Results provide insight into the effect of GnRH agonist/ GnRH antagonist on endometrium gene expression changes.