Late Holocene offsets from the Panamint Valley transtensional relay, CA, USA

Several historic earthquakes in the Eastern California Shear Zone (ECSZ) have involved complex and multi-fault ruptures. However, the physical conditions that promote or inhibit discontinuity-spanning coseismic ruptures are still poorly defined. These physical conditions tend to vary in space and time over multiple earthquake cycles, making it difficult to forecast the likelihood of coordinated or triggered ruptures between multiple fault systems. Using tectonogeomorphic mapping, we document paleoseismic evidence for late Holocene complex rupture in Panamint Valley, in the 10 km-wide transtensional relay zone between the Ash Hill and Panamint Valley faults. We quantify rupture kinematics using vertical, lateral, and total offsets from over 250+ piercing lines, measured from field mapping and backslipped reconstructions of newly generated, high-resolution (5 cm) structure from motion (SfM) digital surface models. Our measured right-lateral, vertical, and total offsets range from 0.24 - 2..., We completed field and remote tectonogeomorphic mapping of faults within the Panamint Valley transtensional relay, at a resolution of 1:4000, using base maps consisting of 1) GeoEye aerial imagery, 2) newly developed 5 cm structure-from-motion (SfM) digital surface models (DSMs), and 3) slope and hillshade derivatives from National Center for Airborne Laser Mapping (NCALM) 0.5 m airborne lidar, collected from the EarthScope SoCal Lidar Project, accessed at OpenTopography (http://opentopography.org). Offset locations are provided in UTM (NAD 1983 UTM Zone 11N) and decimal degrees.
We resolved these smaller (~0.5 – 1 m) offsets in young Holocene surfaces with low < ~0.5 m geomorphic relief using our newly collected SfM DSMs, available on OpenTopography (LaPlante, 2024). We processed the photogrammetry using SfM analysis in Agisoft Metashape, after the methods described in Reitman et al. (2015), and the USGS UAS Data Post-Processing Guide (Over et al., 2021). The DSMs used for our offse..., , # Late Holocene offsets from the Panamint Valley transtensional relay, CA, USA

[https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.dr7sqvb6j](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.dr7sqvb6j)

This dataset contains a table (provided in both .xls and .csv form) with all Holocene offsets measured between December 2020 and May 2022. This data was collected by Aubrey LaPlante, under the guidance of Christine Regalla (PI), as part of a Master’s thesis at Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA.

To measure cumulative displacements in Holocene alluvium, we used a combination of field measurements, backslip reconstructions of geomorphic features from high-resolution structure from motion drone-based imagery, and reconstructions of topographic profile lines taken perpendicularly to faults. Backslip reconstructions were completed using a Matlab script, LaDiCaoz_v2 (Zielke et al., 2012; Haddon et al., 2016), which is available on Github. We measured topographic Monte Carlo reconstructions using a Matlab code ‘reconst...,