Qualitative summary of included study characteristics between serum anticholinergic activity and cognitive and functional outcomes.

SAA = Serum Anticholinergic Activity; MMSE = Mini Mental State Examination; IQCODE = Informant questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly; SPMSQ = Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire; SIB = Severe Impairment Battery; CAM = Confusion Assessment Method; BI = Barthel Index; AD = Alzheimer’s disease; FAST = Functional Assessment Staging; BEHAVE-AD = Behavioural Pathology in Alzheimer’s Disease Rating Scale; BARS = Brief Agitation Rating Scale; POCD = Postoperative cognitive decline; CAM-ICU = Confusion Assessment Method for critically ill patients in Intensive Care Unit; MCI = Mild Cognitive Impairment; DI = Delirium Index; SDM = Symbol Digit Modalities; SDC = Saskatoon Delirium Checklist; IQR = Interquartile range; PGDRS = Psychogeriatric Dependency Rating Scale; DRS = Dementia Rating Scale; WMH = White Matter Hyperintensities; ICU = Intensive care unit; RCT = Randomised Controlled Trial; ADL = Activities of Daily Living; IADL = Instrumental Activities of Daily Living; CERAD = Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer Disease; GDS = Geriatric Depression Scale; SD = Standard Deviation; DSM = Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.