2023 National Offshore Wind data set (NOW-23)

The 2023 National Offshore Wind data set (NOW-23) is the latest wind resource data set for offshore regions in the United States, which supersedes, for its offshore component, the Wind Integration National Dataset (WIND) Toolkit, which was published about a decade ago and is currently one of the primary resources for stakeholders conducting wind resource assessments in the continental United States. The NOW-23 data set was produced using the Weather Research and Forecasting Model (WRF) version 4.2.1. A regional approach was used: for each offshore region, the WRF setup was selected based on validation against available observations. The WRF model was initialized with the European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasts 5 Reanalysis (ERA-5) data set, using a 6-hour refresh rate. The model is configured with an initial horizontal grid spacing of 6 km and an internal nested domain that refined the spatial resolution to 2 km. The model is run with 61 vertical levels, with 12 levels in the lower 300m of the atmosphere, stretching from 5 m to 45 m in height. The MYNN planetary boundary layer and surface layer schemes were used the North Atlantic, Mid Atlantic, Great Lakes, Hawaii, and North Pacific regions. On the other hand, using the YSU planetary boundary layer and MM5 surface layer schemes resulted in a better skill in the South Atlantic, Gulf of Mexico, and South Pacific regions. A more detailed description of the WRF model setup can be found in the WRF namelist files linked at the bottom of this page. For all regions, the NOW-23 data set coverage starts on January 1, 2000. For Hawaii and the North Pacific regions, NOW-23 goes until December 31, 2019. For the South Pacific region, the model goes until 31 December, 2022. For all other regions, the model covers until December 31, 2020. Outputs are available at 5 minute resolution, and for all regions we have also included output files at hourly resolution. The NOW-23 data are provided here as HDF5 files. Examples of how to use the HSDS Service to Access the NOW-23 files are linked below. A list of the variables included in the NOW-23 files is also linked below. No filters have been applied to the raw WRF output.

2023年国家海上风电数据集（NOW-23）是美国最新的海上风能资源数据集，其海上部分取代了约十年前发布的《风电集成国家数据集（WIND）工具包》——后者目前仍是美国大陆地区开展风能资源评估的行业相关方所依赖的核心参考资源之一。NOW-23数据集采用天气研究与预报模型（Weather Research and Forecasting Model, WRF）4.2.1版本构建。本次建模采用区域化方案：针对每个海上区域，均通过与现有观测数据的验证来选定WRF配置方案。模型以欧洲中期天气预报中心第五代再分析数据集（European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasts 5 Reanalysis, ERA-5）作为初始场，每6小时更新一次初始条件。模型初始水平网格间距为6千米，并设置了内部嵌套区域以将空间分辨率提升至2千米。模型共设置61个垂直层，其中大气层下部300米范围内设有12个垂直层，高度覆盖范围为5米至45米。针对北大西洋、中大西洋、五大湖、夏威夷及北太平洋区域，采用MYNN行星边界层与近地面层参数化方案；而针对南大西洋、墨西哥湾及南太平洋区域，采用YSU行星边界层与MM5近地面层参数化方案可获得更优的模拟精度。关于WRF模型配置的详细说明，可参见本页面底部链接的WRF namelist文件。所有区域的NOW-23数据集均始于2000年1月1日：其中夏威夷与北太平洋区域的数据集覆盖至2019年12月31日；南太平洋区域的模拟数据覆盖至2022年12月31日；其余所有区域的数据均覆盖至2020年12月31日。数据集提供5分钟分辨率的输出结果，同时所有区域均附带小时分辨率的输出文件。NOW-23数据集以分层数据格式5（Hierarchical Data Format 5, HDF5）文件形式提供。下方链接提供了如何使用HSDS服务访问NOW-23数据文件的示例，以及数据集包含的变量清单。原始WRF输出未经过任何滤波处理。

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

NOW-23是美国最新海上风能资源数据集，采用区域优化的WRF 4.2.1模型生成，覆盖全国各海域2000年至2022年不同时段的数据，提供5分钟和小时分辨率的风资源信息。该数据集特别针对不同海域采用了差异化的边界层方案以提高准确性。