A single-cell RNA-seq dataset of synovial fluid from rheumatoid arthritis treated with TNF-α/JAK inhibitor

Although multiple single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) based studies have explored rheumatoid arthritis (RA), most have focused on synovial tissue, limiting the ability to perform paired pre- and post-treatment comparisons and to elucidate dynamic changes. Moreover, the single-cell impact of TNF-α and JAK inhibitors on RA remains poorly understood, hindering effects toward precision medicine for RA. Here, we present a comprehensive scRNA-seq analysis of synovial fluid samples of RA patients treated with tofacitinib or adalimumab, both pre- and post-treatment. Following stringent quality control, we analyzed 106,506 high-quality cells, providing an in-depth characterization of cell composition, molecular signaling pathways, and functional properties. This rich dataset offers a valuable resource to address diverse research questions, from uncovering the mechanisms of action of TNF-α and JAK inhibitors, to identifying novel therapeutic targets for RA, and advancing our understanding of the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases. In this study, we collected SF samples from RA patients pre- and post-treated with TNF-α/JAK inhibitors and constructed a single-cell atlas of RA SF. *************************************************************** Raw files for human/patient samples are being made available in the Genome Sequence Archive (GSA) for human (https://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/gsa-human) under the accession number HRA011646, for controlled access to the personally identifiable sequence data. ***************************************************************